Deployment of a Secure Blockchain-based Electronic Voting for Undergraduates in Nigeria

Abstract

In Nigeria, the democratic governance relies on elections for selecting leaders, but
the integrity of this process is vital for sustaining democracy. Developing
democracies, like Nigeria, face challenges such as the potential for electoral
violence and manipulation. The current paper-based voting system in Nigeria is
susceptible to data manipulation and lacks transparency. This study proposes a
Semi-Decentralized electoral system utilizing the Ethereum blockchain to enhance
the security, auditability, and efficiency of the electoral process. The system aims
to resist malpractices, reduce costs, and expedite the vote counting process while
minimizing human intervention. The blockchain's tamper-proof nature and
decentralized structure provide a secure and reliable platform for electoral data.
To understand the root causes of electoral malpractice, qualitative research was
conducted in Sapele Ward IV, Delta state, revealing self-interest, poverty, and a
lack of trust in the government as primary motivators. The implementation of the
blockchain-based electoral system demonstrated improved efficiency in collecting,
collating, securing, and publishing election results. This innovative approach
enhances the perceived integrity of the electoral process, addressing key challenges
in the current voting system.