Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) on the Transmission Dynamics of HIV

M. A. OKEDOYE; L. A. FATAI; O. A. EIRENE

M. A. OKEDOYE Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State
L. A. FATAI Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State
O. A. EIRENE Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State

Keywords: Antiretroviral Therapy, ART Adherence, HIV, HIV Prevention, Public Health, Transmission Dynamics, Viral Load Suppression

Abstract

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has revolutionized the management of
HIV/AIDS, significantly reducing morbidity and mortality rates among
infected individuals. This study explores the effects of Antiretroviral
Therapy (ART) on the transmission dynamics of HIV, employing a
mathematical modeling approach to analyze the interactions between
various population compartments. The study demonstrates that ART
significantly lowers viral loads to undetectable levels, thereby reducing the
risk of HIV transmission. Through sensitivity analysis, we identify key
parameters influencing treatment outcomes, particularly highlighting the
critical role of ART adherence and initiation rates in shaping community
transmission dynamics. The findings emphasize the necessity of addressing
barriers to ART access and adherence, especially among vulnerable
populations. Furthermore, this work contributes to public health strategies
aimed at achieving the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets by providing insights into
the effectiveness of ART as a cornerstone of HIV prevention and treatment
programs. Overall, our analysis underscores the importance of continued
research and innovation in HIV management to enhance treatment efficacy
and improve health outcomes for individuals living with HIV.

Author Biography

M. A. OKEDOYE, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State

Department of Mathematics